Which statement best differentiates primary survey from secondary survey in aeromedical care?

• A. Which statement best differentiates primary survey from secondary survey in aeromedical care?
• B. Primary survey addresses life threats (Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure); Secondary survey is a detailed head-to-toe assessment after stabilization.
• C. Primary survey is only for documentation; Secondary survey is for treatment.
• D. Primary survey assesses only mental status; Secondary survey assesses only physical injuries.

Answer: (B)

Primary survey is a rapid, life-threat-focused assessment that uses the ABCDE sequence to quickly identify and treat conditions that could endanger the patient’s life. Airway with cervical spine protection if needed takes priority, then Breathing is checked for adequate ventilation and oxygenation, Circulation focuses on perfusion and hemorrhage control, Disability assesses neurological status, and Exposure involves a careful look at the entire patient while preventing hypothermia.

Once stabilization is achieved, the secondary survey begins. It’s a thorough head-to-toe examination to uncover injuries not immediately life-threatening, along with gathering a detailed history and reviewing ongoing vital signs and interventions. This step guides further treatment and definitive care.

The other statements don’t fit because the primary survey is not about documentation, and it is not limited to mental status. It is specifically about rapidly addressing life threats first, before moving on to a comprehensive assessment.